It is usual to classify diabetes mellitus as an endocrinological pathology with a severe clinical picture. In this case, often the initial stages of the disease are asymptomatic or characterized by polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are certain signs of pathology that you can learn about in the material below.
Signs of diabetes in women.
Throughout life, the body of the weaker sex undergoes numerous hormonal changes. These changes often result in the development of type 2 diabetes. It should also be noted that women are more likely to "stuck" psychological problems with a large amount of junk food. This behavior also negatively affects the course of metabolic processes.
As for type 1 diabetes, it develops in young girls under 25 years of age and does not depend on hormonal status. At the same time, women during pregnancy are at risk, who are often diagnosed with symptoms of the gestational form of the disease, which is transient. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow wound healing;
- drowsiness;
- Hair loss;
- itching of the most different localization;
- constant thirst;
- weight loss without diets;
- Increased appetite;
- Frequent profuse urination.
Symptoms of diabetes in men.
The stronger sex, for the most part, prefers to ignore the body's warning signals about problems. In the context of abdominal obesity in men, there is often a relative insufficiency in the production of glucose-transporting hormone. Unlike epinephrine, insulin cannot effectively break down accumulated deposits. Due to the active activity of the stress hormone, a large number of fatty acids rush to the liver, preventing the normal nutrition of tissues due to glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are identical to those in women.
How does diabetes manifest in children?
A high blood glucose level in a child may be due to obesity or a genetic predisposition. However, in the scientific community there are often discussions about the infectious character of this phenomenon. These opinions can be complemented by the statements of some experts who consider diabetes mellitus (especially juvenile) as a post-vaccination complication. As a result, adults should respond appropriately if a child develops the following symptoms after vaccination:
- constant thirst;
- enuresis;
- threw up;
- weight loss against the background of increased appetite;
- private skin infections;
- Decreased motor and mental activity.
first signs
It is not easy to recognize the disease at an early stage of development due to the polymorphism of its signs. As a rule, the signals of the body are confused with overexertion and fatigue. The clinical picture in the secondary form of pathology may be completely absent until the patient falls into a hyperglycemic coma or suffers a heart attack or stroke. The disease of the first type, for the most part, is initially manifested by severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it is important to note that early symptoms of diabetes may include:
- The patient cannot lift the big toe off the ground.
- When the palms touch, only the fingertips are in the direct contact zone.
- There is nocturnal enuresis (if it is a child).
- There are dental problems.
- There is a strong deterioration of vision.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops unnoticed by a person. The manifestation of a hidden process occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune lesions of the body. At the same time, latent diabetes mellitus is considered more dangerous than overt diabetes. Experts note that with a latent form of the disease, negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction are often diagnosed, among which the so-called diabetic foot syndrome occupies a special place. In this sense, it would be appropriate to name the main symptoms of latent diabetes:
- dry mouth feeling;
- headache;
- acetone detection in urinalysis;
- increased fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes
Elevated blood sugar levels are known to occur as a result of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Highlighting any symptom of diabetes in men, women or children, it is important to mention that each form of pathology differs in the degree of damage to the special cells (islets of Langerhans) located in the body of the pancreas and that synthesize the insulin so necessary for the body. With the complete defeat of these formations, the production of biologically active substances necessary for glucose transport becomes impossible.
The second type of diabetic disease is characterized by the preservation of the functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but the insulin produced in this case is not able to deliver glucose to the tissues and organs due to the high concentration of fatty acids in the body. human. . Patients with this type of pathology with an active lifestyle and a special diet often do without parenteral administration of the hormone.
Symptoms in type 1
As noted above, the development of absolute insufficiency of insulin production begins with an acute reaction of the body to an increase in blood sugar. It also happens that a person is aware that they have a high risk of developing this type of problem. In this situation, the patient undergoes preventive examinations in order to timely detect the disease. With this approach, the process is rarely stepped up. Meanwhile, in people suffering from type 1 diabetes, hypoglycemia often occurs due to an incorrect dose of insulin. Also, in the primary form of pathology, it is observed:
- strong thirst;
- the smell of acetone from the mouth;
- consumption of a large amount of a wide variety of foods;
- polyuria;
- slow healing of the wound surface;
- diabetic cetoacidosis;
- skin problems in the form of frequent fungal infections and boils.
How does type 2 manifest?
Relative insufficiency of insulin production has a milder clinical picture. The patient's blood sugar level may remain within the normal range for a long time. Test results, as a rule, worsen when diabetes becomes acute. Up to this point, patients do not attach importance to a sudden weight loss and a decrease in physical activity. In addition to the above signs, in type 2 diabetes the following changes in the functioning of the body can be observed:
- rapid fatigue;
- drowsiness;
- osteoporosis;
- tired appearance;
- kidney pathology, often leading to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- Itch;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- tingling and numbness of the extremities.